Dental Adhesives: a 10 years story
An article by dr. Salvatore Sauro Overview and basic commentary Before any discussion about adhesion to crown and root dentine, it is imperative to state that there is no substantial scientific research evidence-base that can support a specific bonding approach rather than another. Said that, there are several in vitro studies showing that multi-step bonding […]
Management of a C-Shaped Canal in wisdom tooth
The C-shaped root canal is considered an anatomical variation and was firstly documented in endodontic literature by Cooke and Cox in 1979. The main cause of a C-shaped root is due to the failure of the Hertwig’s epithelial root sheath to fuse on the lingual or buccal root surface . The roots of molars with […]
Retreatment of a three rooted maxillary second premolar
The goal of endodontics is to clean, shape and filling 3D the endodontic space, eliminating most of the bacterias presents in the canals. Many of the difficulties found in root canal treatment are due to variations in root canal morphology. Endodontic failure may be associated with the persistence of infection because of a missed canal […]
Endodontic management of a mandibular first molar with pulp stone obliterating the floor of pulp chamber – a case report.
The goals of an endodontic treatment are to prevent and intercept the process of pulpal/ peri radicular pathosis and to also prevent its reinfection after the treatment. For achieving this, a good diagnosis of the case, followed by chalking out a feasible and appropriate treatment plan and its execution is important. Starting from good clinical […]
Retreatment Series: Episode 2
Root canal retreatment seems to be one of the biggest challenges in the Endodontic therapy, in the retreatment episodes we will review different scenarios with different cases. In Endodontics we are dealing with a lot of challenges such as anatomy, mishaps, instrument separation, etc. but one of the biggest challenges is to deal safely with […]
Non surgical retreatment of a mandibular first molar with C-shaped canal system
The C-shaped canal, which was first documented in endodontic literature by Cooke and Cox in 1979, is so named for the cross-sectional morphology of the root and root canal. C shaped canals are mostly present in the mandibular second molars, while they are really rare in the first mandibular molars. The cause of forming C shaped canals is the Hertwig’s epithelial […]
Root canal treatment and direct restoration
Tooth restoration after an endodontic treatment is a very important part of the endodontic treatment because the prognosis of treatment as a whole depends on it. Many endodontic failures come exactly from an inadequate restoration after the endodontic treatment. The vital teeth are different from non-vital teeth in terms of physico-chemical, structural, and biological aspect. […]
How to evaluate the debris on flutes
The primary objective of the entire root canal treatment procedure is to eliminate microorganisms and pathogenic debris from the root canal system and to prevent its reinfection: mechanical instrumentation accompanied by irrigation could be considered as the most essential component that aids in reaching this goal. To understand if the instrumentation of the endodontic space has […]
Endo-resto treatment. Management of confluent canals - Part II
Case evaluation before treatment In endodontic treatments of teeth with more than one canal, we must allways think about the presence of possible confluences between the canals, there are several methods for their determination. In this clinical case I will present only one among others, which is performed by inserting a gutta percha and a […]
Does anatomy represent a limit for root canal disinfection?
From a recent Randomized clinical trial (Comparison of the Effect of Two Endodontic Irrigation Protocols on the Elimination of Bacteria from Root Canal System: A Prospective, Randomized Clinical Trial) it was demonstrated that "there was no statistical difference between irrigation methods. Each protocol resulted in a high frequency of negative cultures. This high frequency of negative […]
Management of a perforating internal inflammatory root resorption in a maxillary central incisor
Internal root resorption is an inflammatory condition that produces the destruction of hard dental tissues. For the resorptive process to take place, two conditions have to occur simultaneously. First of all, predentine layer has to be damaged and expose the mineralized structures of the tooth to the osteoclastic cells and secondly, there is a need […]
Management of a deep bifurcation in a lower first premolar by perfect file
Mandibular premolars have been considered to be the most challenging teeth to be treated endodontically, especially when they present with multiple roots or canals. Their propensities for anomalous variations, narrow mesiodistal dimensions and the ensuing narrow access to canals, lack of visibility, and bifurcations and deltas are factors that further compound the difficulty for clinicians. Preoperative […]