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To obtain good results in endodontic treatment it is important to remove all microorganisms from root canal system, three dimensionally sealing and the placement of a good coronal seal to prevent communications between oral cavity and the periradicular tissues. Preoperative radiograph identification, root canal access opening, intraoperative identification, location, instrumentation, debridement, disinfection, obturation are improtant […]

     The purpose of root canal treatment is to clear pathogenic microbes and infected pulp in the root canal, prevent it from producing toxic products, and protect the periapical tissue. The presence of root canal variation increases the difficulty of this treatment. It has been reported that 42% of retreatment cases are due to missing […]

The in-depth knowledge of root anatomy and its possible variations is absolutely fundamental for the long-term success of our therapies. Sometimes, despite the aid of strong surgical magnification and despite good anatomical knowledge, one may come across particular anatomies in an unpredictable way. A correct operating protocol can protect us from errors, giving us the way to correct them without consequences.

In this article, I will discuss the method of diagnosing and analyzing multiplanar curvature, along with the treatment planning using the novel treatment approach.

After conducting a lot of studies of the internal anatomy of the first
mandibular molar, it was found that there is a lot of diversity in the
internal anatomy of the tooth, and taking advantage of the studies
that were conducted, it was found that the main reason of the failure of endodontic treatment occurs due to missing canal
of the first molar.
Therefore, one must understand and bear in mind the difference in
the internal anatomy of the teeth when you need to do endodontic
treatments.

Third molars, or, more popularly, wisdom teeth usually erupt in most patients after the age of 17. Abnormal eruption patterns make them more susceptible to dental decay, as well as gingival and periodontal diseases.  If there is insufficient anatomic space to accommodate normal eruption, extraction of third molars is the preferred option, to prevent acute […]

Anatomical variation of canals is well documented in the literature and C-shaped canal anatomy was first reported in literature by Cooke and Cox in 1979. This anatomical variation mostly found in mandibular second molars with prevalence between 2.7–52% in different populations.  C-shaped canals have rarely been found in other teeth, maxillary first molars, mandibular first […]

A complex anatomy is considered a real nightmare to any clinician. Lack of attention to the complex anatomy by the clinician can lead to a series of unfortunate events during treatment, such as; Altered anatomy “ledges”, Perforations or Separated instruments.

Therefore; pretreatment evaluation of the case as well as a sound shaping strategy are essential to address the anatomy & avoid mishaps.

The surgery of lower incisors should be performed carefully, assessing the possible presence of lingual canals, and avoiding the mistake of underpreparation by not adequately evaluating the clinical situation

Dens invaginatus is malformation of teeth probably resulting from an infolding of the dental papilla during tooth development. Affected teeth show a deep infolding of enamel and dentine starting from the foramen coecum or even the tip of the cusps, and which may extend deep into the root. Teeth most affected are maxillary lateral incisors and bilateral occurrence is not uncommon. The malformation shows a broad spectrum of morphologic variations and frequently results in early pulp necrosis. Root canal therapy may present severe problems because of the complex anatomy of the teeth.  

The mandibular first premolar can be considered one of the most challenging teeth for the endodontist during endodontic procedures; because of the complexity of its root canal morphology and increased incidence of multiple canals. The knowledge of internal anatomy of root canals and their possible variations as well as use of magnification, operating microscope, radiographic examination and illumination, can increase the chances of finding additional canals and contribute to the success of endodontic treatment.

A case presentation of maxillary second molar with 3 mesio buccal (MB) canals.