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Root canal system is a very complex three-dimensional system. Although there are general rules about the anatomy, number of root/s or canal/s for each tooth, but we should expect everything. For that reason, we should have goon understanding, good reading of radiographs, good tools, and experience to deal with different scenarios

This article discusses the use of internal bleaching as a conservative and effective esthetic solution for discolored, root canal–treated teeth. It highlights the clinical protocol, indications, and advantages of internal bleaching as an alternative to veneers, preserving natural tooth structure while achieving satisfactory esthetic outcomes.

When a tooth has undergone root canal treatment and has lost a large amount of coronal structure, the restorative challenge is not only to replace missing tissue, but to recover […]

Endodontic treatment aims to eliminate infection from the root canal system and prevent reinfection of periapical tissues. Inadequate endodontic procedures, such as insufficient canal debridement, improper working length determination, or poor obturation, may result in persistent intracanal infection. This can lead to periapical inflammation and the development of swelling, commonly presenting as a dentoalveolar abscess. Such complications not only cause patient discomfort but may also compromise the prognosis of the affected tooth. This case report highlights a clinical presentation of facial swelling resulting from failed endodontic treatment and discusses its management

Combining precise endodontic treatment with biomimetic restorations preserves tooth structure, restores function, and enhances long-term survival.

A 47-year-old female patient presented with a structurally compromised maxillary left second premolar (tooth 25) following completed endodontic treatment. Due to the significant loss of coronal tooth structure, a post-endodontic […]

Mandibular molars exhibit one of the highest degrees of anatomical variability in the human dentition. While the classical configuration involves two or three canals, extreme variations exist, ranging from simplified […]

A patient came to my attention complaining about impossibility to chew on the right side of the mouth. A defective restoration was found on the first upper molar, with a […]

Successful endodontic therapy begins with a properly designed access cavity, which is the foundation for locating, cleaning, and shaping the root canal system. Inadequate or misdirected access can lead to […]

Re-treatment of C-shaped mandibular molars demands 3D cleaning and sealing beyond files; a stepwise strategy improves predictability.

Treatment for immature, necrotic permanent teeth is showing a paradigm shift in moving from a non-biological, barrier-creating approach (apexification) to a biological, tissue-regeneration approach. Conventional root canal treatment has a […]