Our Articles & Clinical Cases

The presence of 3 rooted premolars called, little molars, is pretty infrequent. Found in only 1-4% of cases with regional variation. The two morphological types involve either two buccal and one palatal root or two palatal and one buccal root. Managing these cases is demanding due to the rarity and challenges in diagnosis, access, instrumentation, […]

Deep split, also known as Vertucci type V canal anatomy, is one of the most challenging anatomies in root canal treatment. It presents a situation where one canal leaves the pulp chamber and divides short of the apex into two separate apical foramina (1-2). Treatment of deep split could be a significant challenge for the […]

A thorough knowledge of root canal anatomy is essential for predictable and successful outcomes of endodontic therapy. Mandibular premolars are rightly called “endodontist’s enigma” by Slowey, as they are known to exhibit a high degree of variability in their root canal morphology, as compared to other teeth in the oral cavity.  These anatomical variations could […]

The presence or absence of periradicular disease is determined according to clinical and radiographic findings. This article will discuss the non surgical endodontic retreatment of a mandibular first molar with mid-mesial canal.   Endodontic retreatment is a procedure performed on a tooth that have a previous attempt of definitive treatment resulting in a condition that […]

Speaking of ANATOMIC VARIATIONS The clinician should be aware of root canal anatomy and morphology, not to mention the protocol of debridement, disinfection and obturation.  Vertucci5 reported the incidence of one canal at the apex in them at 75%, and two canals at apex at 24%. In the same study, Vertucci5 found maxillary second premolars […]

Shaping procedure change so much in the last years, minimal invasive endodontics is a MUST in dentistry today, new materials lead us to work fast, secure and minimal invasive.

Root perforation is a challenging situation when the root canal has a pathological communication with periradicular area. Perforations can occur as an iatrogenic accident during a root canal instrumentation and is the second cause of failed endodontic treatment. In some cases complications may lead even to an extraction. Thus, successful treatment of a root perforation […]

Anatomy is one of the biggest challenges in the root canal treatment. During the step of shaping lots of errors may happen like zipping, ledges, transportation, straightening the anatomy and file separation: that’s why in this article we are going to share safe and predictable techniques for instrumenting the root canal system in several types of […]

There have been many recent technical advances in modern endodontics that have the potential to affect treatment outcomes. The purpose of this article is to determine the success of nonsurgical root canal retreatment in molars using contemporary endodontic techniques.

From a medico-legal aspect, extrusion of root canal filling might be considered malpractice if there is excessive extrusion of material combined with incomplete obturation of the canal leading to failure of the root canal treatment.(1) Acute Apical Abscess AAA is the most common form of dental infections and is caused by the infected root canal […]

Straight simple root canals are rare in the human dentition; the majority present with complexities and curvatures in different planes, making the endodontic treatment a complex task that requires adaptation according to each specific case (1). One of these special anatomies is the S-shaped root canal.  The purpose of this paper is to present 2 […]

Apical periodontitis serves an essential protective function aimed at confining bacteria discharged from the root canal space and preventing them from spreading into adjacent bone marrow spaces and other remote sites. The process is unique in the sense that it cannot eradicate the source of infection. The reason is that once a pulp has become […]