Micro apical surgery by SIE kit
Apical surgery is an option for the management of endodontically-treated tooth with persistent periapical lesions or symptom/sign. Several epidemiological studies have suggested that 33–60% of endodontically-treated teeth still presented the pictures of apical periodontitis. The possible causes may be persistent primary infection, secondary infection after endodontic therapy, vertical root fracture or cemental tears. The success […]
Endodontic retreatment of a maxillary second premolar with multiple shortcomings.
Knowledge of the root canal morphology and location of canals is important in a root canal treatment. Inability to locate and treat all the canals could lead to failure of a root canal treatment. For this purpose, first of all knowing the usual anatomies of all teeth and then their variations proves to be helpful. […]
Necrodontics - saving hopeless teeth
Both non-surgical and surgical retreatment procedures are performed when the primary treatment fails and we are trying to preserve the tooth. Usually the next attempt after the primary treatment is non-surgical retreatment and follow up. In some cases when we estimate that non-surgical procedures will not be helpful we can perform surgical retreatment with apicectomy. […]
Treatment of a C shaped canal of a mandibular second molar
Mandibular second molars are known to have a complex root canal anatomy with anastomosis, resulting in some difficulties during root canal treatment, especially for the complete debridement of organic tissues and bacteria during the shaping and cleaning process and the possibility of insuring a good 3-dimensional seal during obturation. The prevalence of such anatomy is […]
Redefining the access in retreatments: part V of V
In the context of retreatments and re-access, very often it happens to perform a new endodontic therapy removing and sacrificing the old crown. The choice that the clinician must make in the presence of a pre-existing crown is related to a series of factors that can be summarized in the following diagram and were already […]
Managing a maxillary second molar with C shaped anatomy
For a more predictable root canal treatment, a good knowledge of root canal systems, their anatomy and variations, serves a vital role. A failure to identify and manage a varied anatomy could lead to failure of successful endodontic treatment. The “C- shaped” anatomy was first described by Cooke and Cox in 1979. It is named […]
Redefining the access in retreatments: Part IV of V
In the context of retreatments and re-access, sometimes it happens to perform a new endodontic therapy recovering the old prosthetic crown. A careful preoperative evaluation can allow the clinician to pick the best therapeutic choice and to address the wishes of the patient. The need to maintain the old prosthetic crown may arise from the […]
Cavity refinement: an essentiality or extravagance?
Access cavity preparation is considered as the most important step in the endodontic treatment protocol. Inability of the operator to visualize anatomical requirements of the preparation may end in aggressive mishaps which complicate the treatment procedures or compromise the ultimate treatment outcomes. Being the most important step in endodontic treatment course, access cavity preparations must […]
Three Years Follow-up of Large Lesion Treated With MTA Apical Plug
The goal of Endodontic treatment is to cure or prevent apical periodontitis (Ørstavik & Pitt Ford 2008). Endodontic treatment does not end when the root canal being filled, but when having favourable outcomes of the treatment upon reviewing (Reit 1986), which can be achieved by the infection control management through the root canal procedure (Basrani […]
Finding the MB2 - part 2
Finding the second buccomesial canal of the first maxillary molars called MB2 is a challenge for any dentist due to its localization and anatomy. The MB2 canal is usually located in a virtual line between the MB1 canal and the palatal canal, but its different positioning along this virtual line makes it even more difficult […]
Redefining the access in retreatments: Part III of V. The crown access management
In the context of retreatments and re-access, it often happens to perform a new endodontic therapy dealing with the presence of a crown. A careful pre-operative evaluation can allow the clinician, according with the patient's wishes, to face the best therapeutic choice. The opportunities are, in fact, those related to the removal of the pre-existing […]
Management of the complex anatomy of a lower first premolar
An accurate diagnosis of the morphology of the root canal system is crucial in order to obtain a successful root canal treatment. The prevalence of three canals with three separate foramina in mandibular premolars is very rare like in the case that will be shown in this report: one canal leaves the pulp chamber, and […]