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The famous MB2 canal, which has been studied extensively, has become so popular that it has become a common topic among dentists, especially endodontists. Many studies have shown that not finding and treating this canal has resulted in more endodontic failures.  The methods that help in finding the second mesio buccal canal of maxillary molars […]

This clinical case shows the need of being very careful while we approach the palatal canal in Upper first molars, especially in the apical part . Of course some studies have reported the presence of two canals in palatal root, but in this case there is one canal with apical bifurcation.  In this case I […]

The hard tissue repository of the human dental pulp takes on numerous configurations and shapes. A thorough knowledge of tooth morphology, careful interpretation of angled radiographs, proper access preparation and a detailed exploration of the interior of the tooth are essential prerequisites for a successful treatment outcome. CBCT, Magnification and illumination are aids that must […]

Vital pulp therapy (VPT) are those procedures carried out to maintain the dental pulp in a healthy condition, allowing to preserve its defensive function and sustaining its ability to form dentin in response to irritation. Despite the favorable outcomes of VPT, some complications might occur as a result of improper case selection or technical factors. […]

When removing large amalgam restorations we frequently observe that modifications have occurred in the pulp chamber, that often presents a diminished size, with a more difficult finding of the root canal openings. The use of ultrasonic tips, together with the knowledge of the anatomy, can help in finding the orifices without making iatrogenic damages.

Pulp stones are discrete calcifications found in the pulp chamber of the tooth which may undergo changes to become diffuse pulp calcifications such as dystrophic calcification.[1] The number of pulp stones in a single tooth may vary from 1 to 12 or more, with varying sizes from minute particles to large masses which tend to […]

The aim of endodontic treatment is to eliminate microorganism infection from the root canal system and prevent reinfection.[1] Successful Endodontic treatment depends upon Adequate knowledge about the morphology of root canal system and diagnosing the anatomic variants to avoid missed canals, Therefore, the clinician should be aware of any anatomical variations which may alter the […]

This clinical case demonstrates how a strategy is important to approach in a proper way a difficult clinical case. MB1 scouting usually it’s easier and more predictable and only in a second time we dedicate our attention to MB2. Here instead, considering the difficulty of scouting MB1, it was decided to manage the situation  in […]

A 27 years old patient came to our clinic with pain on the right upper side. After examination a root canal treatment was needed. On the pre-operative X-ray we understood that we had to deal with a non routine, very interesting and challenging case. But just a simple root canal treatment would not solve the […]

When I started treating the tooth number 3.7, I understood from the beginning that the case was peculiar. During the emergency session a radix paramolaris was not detected and a SX rotary file created immediately an accidental stripping during orifice opening. The management of an unconventional anatomy and the repair of a iatrogenic error will […]

With increasing reports of aberrant canal morphology, the clinician needs to be aware of the possibility of having a middle mesial canal in mandibular first molars. The purpose of this article is to report the successful treatment of a clinical case of a mandibular molar with three mesial and two distal canals.