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Apical periodontitis serves an essential protective function aimed at confining bacteria discharged from the root canal space and preventing them from spreading into adjacent bone marrow spaces and other remote sites. The process is unique in the sense that it cannot eradicate the source of infection. The reason is that once a pulp has become […]

Intentional replantation or reimplantation is purposeful removal of a tooth and its reinsertion into the socket almost immediately after sealing the apical foramina. It is a one-stage treatment that would maintain the natural tooth successfully.  Grossman calls it as one of the tooth saving procedure which is ‘the act of deliberately removing a tooth and […]

Understanding the anatomical variations of the root canal system is a must to achieve the main goals of our treatment. The radix entomolaris is the most common variation in mandibular molars. With the help of CBCT we can measure and see the original shape of the additional root, thus creating a predictable strategy for cleaning, […]

An endodontic access cavity is an important first step in successful endodontic treatment. Lately, strongly constricted endodontic access cavities have become quite popular, the idea of which serves to save tissue and thereby increase the tooth's resistance to fracture. Although there is insufficient data to fully support this hypothesis (1), many different modalities have an […]

A case presentation of hemisectioning of the distal root of a LR6 due to fracture, and 6-year review.  The clinical aspects and considerations are discussed. Occasionally, during our practice, we are required to offer patients a less common treatment modality. Knowing all the possible treatment options available to us, we can provide our patients with […]

This article reports on an Endodontic treatment of obliterated teeth using a static guided endodontic (GE) technique. The aim is to demonstrate the benefits and limits of static guided endodontics. The process of canal obliteration (CO) is characterized by the apposition of secondary or tertiary dentin, resulting in loss of volume in the pulpal space.  […]

There are three techniques available for treatment of immature permanent teeth with exposed vital pulps: direct pulp capping, partial pulpotomy and complete pulpotomy. Indication for permanent tooth pulpotomy : Tooth has no history of spontaneous pain Tooth has no discomfort to percussion, no vestibular swelling and no mobility Radiographic examination shows normal appearance of periodontal […]

A 30 years old female patient been referred to retreat her lower first molar patient was suffering from food packing in the area between  Molar and second premolar Clinical examination showed that there was very bad amlgam Restoration with missing walls Radiography examination show that the tooth was fully  calcified . So we start to treat this tooth Since people are living longer and […]

The Primary objective of endodontic treatments is treatment and/or prevention of apical periodontitis. To achieve this goal, the endodontist must be able to process all the case givens to reach a conservative and predictable treatment. This articles describes the decision making process in non-surgical retreatments of two mandibular molars throughout the endodontic workflow.

This is the story of an injured upper right later incisor. Due a surgical approach, a lateral incisor root has been accidentally cut in two parts. In this case the approach has been only to take time and check continuously vitality, eventual root resorption and crown color.

Various regenerative endodontic treatment (RET) protocols have been suggested with differences mainly in the disinfection technique used, intracanal medicaments, scaffold systems, and coronal filling materials. In order to reduce such variability, the American Association of Endodontists (2013) and European Society of Endodontology (2016) developed evidence based recommended protocols. These guidelines helped reduce some of the […]

Root canal system is a complex entity in itself. Success treatment of the root canal system depends upon the triad of thorough cleaning and shaping, disinfection & obturation up-to the calculated working length of the root canals. Failure to follow the Endodontology protocol can lead to failure of the endodontic treatment. Interpretation of a preoperative […]