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A case presentation of maxillary second molar with 3 mesio buccal (MB) canals.

The increased life expectancy has led to the increase in numbers of elderly patients seeking dental treatments, and more precisely root canal treatments. According to a survey of diplomates of the American Board of Endodontics, patients over 65 years of age represent 26% of all endodontically treated patients. (1) Maintaining natural and functional teeth plays […]

It is very important to identify obstacles and plan any strategies from the beginning to avoid problems that could cost us the success of the treatment   Preoperative radiograph identification, root canal access opening, intraoperative identification, location, instrumentation, debridement, disinfection, obturation are improtant for successful endodontic therapy. The use of the microscope was essential to […]

Dental anomaly is a condition in which one or more teeth deviate from the normal in form, function, or position. And it includes abnormalities in teeth number, size, shape and structure 

A thorough knowledge of the root canal anatomy and its variation is required for achieving success in root canal therapy, along with diagnosis, treatment planning and clinical expertise. Outcome of endodontic therapy depends on the complete disinfection of the entire root canal system followed by a three-dimensional obturation. One of such variation of the root […]

Dens evaginatus (DE) is a relatively rare developmental anomaly that occurs more often in people of Asian descent than European descent. DE appears as a cusplike elevation of enamel, referred to as a tubercle, and is located in the central groove or on the buccal or lingual cusps of premolars or molars and the palatal […]

One of the most common causes of failure in endodontics is missing canals.
The middle canal in lower molars is not an exception and has been studied by numerous authors in the literature.
Its prevalence ranges from 0,28% to 53,8% and it’s specially presents in the mesial root.
Using different X-ray angulations or with the help of CBCT we can confirm its existence.
Understanding the anatomy of the teeth is a key factor for the success of our treatment.
In this case we are treating a previously treated lower molar with some hidden anatomy.

A thorough knowledge of the root canal anatomy and its variations is required for achieving success in root canal therapy, along with diagnosis, treatment planning and clinical expertise,  One such variation of the root canal system is the C-shaped canal configuration.  It is termed so because of the C-shaped cross-sectional anatomical configuration of the root […]

The presence of 3 rooted premolars called, little molars, is pretty infrequent. Found in only 1-4% of cases with regional variation. The two morphological types involve either two buccal and one palatal root or two palatal and one buccal root. Managing these cases is demanding due to the rarity and challenges in diagnosis, access, instrumentation, […]

Deep split, also known as Vertucci type V canal anatomy, is one of the most challenging anatomies in root canal treatment. It presents a situation where one canal leaves the pulp chamber and divides short of the apex into two separate apical foramina (1-2). Treatment of deep split could be a significant challenge for the […]

A thorough knowledge of root canal anatomy is essential for predictable and successful outcomes of endodontic therapy. Mandibular premolars are rightly called “endodontist’s enigma” by Slowey, as they are known to exhibit a high degree of variability in their root canal morphology, as compared to other teeth in the oral cavity.  These anatomical variations could […]

The presence or absence of periradicular disease is determined according to clinical and radiographic findings. This article will discuss the non surgical endodontic retreatment of a mandibular first molar with mid-mesial canal.   Endodontic retreatment is a procedure performed on a tooth that have a previous attempt of definitive treatment resulting in a condition that […]