Our Articles & Clinical Cases

Obturation and filling to the root canal system is considered the last step of pulp space treatment. Providing a 3D filling to root canal space and adapting intracanal filling material to cleaned surfaces is required for long term success of the treatment to prevent reinfection. Using MTA as an artificial barrier and apical filling material […]

Working lenght (WL) is a controversial topic in Endodontics but, fortunately, Clinicians and Authors agree about respecting it as much is possible during the entire endodontic treatment.  WL is the distance from a coronal reference point to the point at which canal preparation and filling should terminate. The respect of an accurate WL determination during […]

Invasive cervical resorption is characterized circumferential spread with/without coronal-apical spread in dentin where the involvement of the pulp may be delayed being present in advanced cases due to the presence of peri-canal resorption resistant sheet (PRRS) composed primarily of pre-dentin and odontoblasts Invasive Cervical Resorptive lesions have different radiographic presentations, ranging from a small radiolucency […]

One of the most important steps of the endodontic therapy is the execution of the access cavity. Very often the failure of the therapy arises from an incorrect realization of this initial step, with consequences that can lead to the missing of canals, improper detersion and shaping of the root canal system or the fracture […]

Impediments (obstructions, obstacles) could be of anatomic (Figure 1) or iatrogenic (Figure 2) origin. Obturation of root canals with impediments potentially presents significant challenge for clinician and different approaches are often necessary in order to achieve successful outcome. If the straight master gutta-percha point won’t fit to length the first choice is to precurve gutta-percha […]

We have discussed in the part 1 of this article how to remove broken files using ultrasonic technique (https://endodontics.styleitaliano.org/management-of-broken-files-a-clinical-approach/ ) but sometimes the ultrasonic (US) technique is useless when the broken file (BF) is LONG, ENGAGED or has a BIG MASS of METAL . So we need another technique to hold the broken file then pull […]

Pulp stones are discrete calcifications found in the pulp chamber of the tooth which may undergo changes to become diffuse pulp calcifications such as dystrophic calcification.[1] The number of pulp stones in a single tooth may vary from 1 to 12 or more, with varying sizes from minute particles to large masses which tend to […]

Due to the biological and structural changes that the tooth undergoes during endodontic treatments,in principle it is mandatory that the teeth should be covered with a crown. The exceptation of this rule is mentioned in the first part of the article (direct restoration of endodontically treated teeth) In the indirect restorations we have to consider […]

The aim of endodontic treatment is to eliminate microorganism infection from the root canal system and prevent reinfection.[1] Successful Endodontic treatment depends upon Adequate knowledge about the morphology of root canal system and diagnosing the anatomic variants to avoid missed canals, Therefore, the clinician should be aware of any anatomical variations which may alter the […]

Syringe irrigation remains a widely used irrigant delivery method during root canal treatment. Unfortunately in the apical region there is always a limited liquid exchange due to physical and mechanical reasons. It means that the chemical actions of our irrigants can be limited and ineffective. Can we make the irrigant apical exchange more predictable in […]

Iatrogenic perforation can occur during different steps of the endodontic treatment which can be challenging or compromised with this procedural mishap. The purpose of this article is to report and present the nonsurgical approach to manage root perforations, located in the pulp chamber.   Root perforation is a mechanical, iatrogenic, or pathologic communication between the […]

This clinical case demonstrates how a strategy is important to approach in a proper way a difficult clinical case. MB1 scouting usually it’s easier and more predictable and only in a second time we dedicate our attention to MB2. Here instead, considering the difficulty of scouting MB1, it was decided to manage the situation  in […]